Back then, the concept applied to inventory management and control in the manufacturing sector. The content editors at recently posed this question to its crmsavvy members. Today is the 20th anniversary of the phrase open source software, which this article says was coined by the executive director of the foresight institute, a nonprofit think tank focused on nanotech and artificial intelligence. The term internet of things came to life more by desperate accident than design. All textbooks on software engineering that i know, and many articles in the field, claim that is to say, repeat someone elses claim that the term software engineering itself was coined on the occasion of the fall 1968 garmischpartenkirchen conference on s. Christine peterson answers your questions slashdot. The term artificial intelligence is coined in a proposal for a 2 month, 10 man study of artificial intelligence submitted by john mccarthy dartmouth college, marvin minsky harvard. The termfree software was always a hard sell as people would associate it with gratis rather than libre. The word software sounded ridiculous when it was coined in. The phrase coined the term is used to mean that someone basically created a commonly used term, so coined the term is synonymous with created the phrase or was the first to use the phrase. Tim oreilly attempts to clarify just what is meant by web 2. Sean osullivan, filed a trademark on cloud computing in 1997. How i coined the term open source jump to navigation.
The origins of the term software within the context of computing. So it seems sensible to say that the term transitioned from hardware to software when the latter started to be independant from the former edit. The term open source has it better from from that point of. The term erp was coined in 1990 by gartner 1, but its roots date to the 1960s. Hopper is often falsely credited with coining the terms bug and debugging, when she found a moth in the mark ii, causing a malfunction. Yesterday was the 20th anniversary of the promulgation of the term open source. For the use of bug in software, then, at first in the history of computers there was no real software, the program was hardcoded with hardware parts. The term free software was always a hard sell as people would associate it with gratis rather than libre. Was it netcentric, document that filed for trademark on cloud computing in 1997 or was it compaqs george favaloro, who claims the first documented proof for the phrase. This leads to the impression that the term was already familiar at. At the time, its inspiration was a moth removed from a computer, causing. I tried to leave an earlier version as a comment on her post but it disappeared into a moderation queue and hasn. How i coined the term open source by christine peterson, which ive reposted below, is licensed cc bysa. Hopper coined the term debugging, which today is used to refer to the removal of glitches and impediments to the computer.
This type of software allows you to do anything you want with it, even improving the version and profiting from it. Everyone and her sister continues to repeat the canard that the term software engineering was coined on the occasion of the eponymous 1968 nato conference. The following case teaches us that a new coined term or unique label used to reference a conventional process will not transform an otherwise abstract idea into patent eligible subject matter. The word software sounded ridiculous when it was coined in 53. Software architecture is a means to manage risk and costs in complex it projects.
Everyone who works within the software development world understands what it means. Coined term does not make abstract idea patent eligible. John tukey, 85, a retired princeton university statistician who coined the words software and bit. Tukey was one of the nations most influential statisticians, but he may be best. The latter observation may explain a common folk etymology of the term. Lets dive into some of the sometimes conflicting statements from multiple people and what the reality. The idea of software as a computer programme was first conceived by alan turing 19121954 the british mathematician and logician in 1935. Innovative systems of pittsburgh, which has been using. Adoption of the term was swift, with early support from figures in the community, like linus torvalds, and from an april 1998 free software summit attended by many key individuals, including the founding figures of sendmail, perl, python, apache, and representatives from the ietf and internet software consortium. Ghost in the machine, hardware and software, idaho again.
Mar 22, 2020 today, in 2020, open source is a well understood, widely used concept. Coined the term meaning programmer and software interview. Christine peterson finally publishes her account of the day open source software was coined, 20 years ago. The term bug to describe defects has been a part of engineering dialects for many decades and predates computers and computer software. Windows xp is an operating system introduced in 2001 from microsofts windows family of operating systems, the previous version of windows being windows me. Johnston says its never been clear who coined the term. Twelve years earlier, while working at bell laboratories, he had coined the term bit, an abbreviation of binary digit that described the 1s and 0s that are the basis of computer programs. Who is the first person to actually use the phrase open source in reference to software. Software comprises the entire set of programs, procedures, and routines associated with the operation of a computer system. The first published use of the term software offsite link. The account below describes how the term open source software caught on and became the name of both an industry and a movement. Devops is a set of practices that combines software development dev and informationtechnology operations ops which aims to shorten the systems development life cycle and provide continuous delivery with high software quality. Some new concepts are hard to describe and get complicated names, but sometimes new terms are created and they fit perfectly.
A mistake repeated in every software engineering textbook remains a mistake. As explained on the nasa website, it was margaret hamilton, pictured. The word software sounded ridiculous when it was coined. Not only would all business software move to the web, but what they termed cloud. Researcher who coined term internet of things sees move. The term bug was coined by grace hopper, an early computer pioneer, in 1946. George favaloro, 1996 compaq business plan was the first document known to use of the term cloud computing in print. Today, margaret hamilton is at 78 the ceo of a software company she founded in cambridge, massachusetts, called hamilton technologies. Wikipedia says its from 1843 in ada byrons notes on the analytical engine. Unfortunately, this report also doesnt provide an indication as to the origin of the phrase geographic information system.
This leads to the impression that the term was already familiar at least with the audience targeted by the report. Tukey, a chemist and statistician, is credited with the first printed use of the term when he wrote a scientific article in 1958. The patent owner intellectual ventures proffered these coined term as the howto in achieving the stated benefits. The term is often used to mean application software. Forrester, which coined the term lowcode in 2004, determined paywall in 2016 that using lowcode can produce applications six to 20 times faster, equipping even small teams to achieve. The word cyberspace was first found in the work, burning chrome, which is a short story published in 1982. The term was coined to differentiate these instructions from hardwarei. Feb, 2018 this term had long been used in an intelligence i. Jul 28, 2000 john wilder tukey, one of the most influential statisticians of the last 50 years and a wideranging thinker credited with inventing the word software, died on wednesday in new brunswick, n. The earliest known publication of the term software in an engineering context was in august 1953 by richard r.
The term erp enterprise resource planning is coined in the early 1990s when mrpii is extended to cover areas like engineering, finance, human resources, and project management. Aug 27, 2017 the term artificial intelligence is coined in a proposal for a 2 month, 10 man study of artificial intelligence submitted by john mccarthy dartmouth college, marvin minsky harvard. As open source software grows in popularity and powers some of the most robust and important innovations of. Ryle used the term to denote the view with which he disagreed of the human mind as being completely separate from and independent of the physical body. In just the past few weeks ive seen network switches, traditional storage arrays, capacity planning software and even cloud services labeled as. He coined the phrase 140 years ago to describe technical problems during the process of innovation. Coined term do not transform an abstract idea into patent. Now christines agreed to answer questions from slashdot. Mar 31, 2020 software, in its most general sense, is a set of instructions or programs instructing a computer to do specific tasks. Mrts and prts were new coined terms in software and coined by the inventor. According to the oxford english dictionary, credit for that goes to philosopher gilbert ryle, who coined the term in his 1949 concept of mind. The term brad y llyfrau gleision was coined by the author robert jones derfel in response to the reports publication the word surrealism was coined in march 1917 by guillaume apollinaire three years before surrealism emerged as an art movement in paris expatriate failure is a term which has been coined for an employee returning prematurely to their home country, or resigning. Computing pioneer paul niquettes memoir begins with the tale of how he came to coin the term software in 1953, to the. One of her favorite tasks has been contacting the winners of the institutes annual feynman prize in nanotechnology, but she also coined the term open source software for that famous promotion strategy meeting in 1998.
Lately, that overused and often misused term is software defined, which vmware first unveiled to describe its vision for a data center in which resources are pooled and managed by software. The cause was a heart attack after a short illness, said phyllis anscombe. Below is a note i published twenty years ago on the topic in a newsgroup discussion. The middle english word bugge is the basis for the terms bugbear and bugaboo, terms used for a monster. Three days before that, christine peterson published how i coined the term open source which apparently she hd written on 2006 but been sitting on since this is my addition to the history.
Three days before that, christine peterson published how i coined the term open source which apparently she hd written on 2006 but been sitting on since. Navy rear admiral grace hopper, coined the terms bug and debug after an incident involving harvard. The term software was first used in print by john w. Debugging the origins of bug did grace hopper really invent the term bug to describe software errors. Indeed, margaret hamilton, renowned mathematician and computer science pioneer, is credited with having coined the term software engineering while. Microsoft called the xp release its most important product since windows 95. In late 1997, weekly meetings were being held at foresight institute to discuss computer security. Instructions executed by a computer as opposed to the physical device on which they run, hardware. Pallikaris and colleagues coined the term lasik in 1988, a procedure involving corneal ablation by excimer laser under a hinged corneal flap created by an automated keratome. The comparison between software design and civil architecture was first drawn in the late 1960s, but the term software architecture did not see widespread usage until the 1990s.
Oct 29, 2015 the word software sounded ridiculous when it was coined in 53. Who coined the term bug for a computer fault answers. The notion of the the cloud and big data are certainly parallel movements, but there is nothing inherent in the term big data that requires or implies cloud, assuming you mean running on. How i coined the term open source dewaynenet archives. John wilder tukey, one of the most influential statisticians of the last 50 years and a wideranging thinker credited with inventing the word software, died on wednesday in new brunswick, n.
In a few days, on february 3, the 20th anniversary of the introduction of the term open source software is upon us. Carhart, in a rand corporation research memorandum. The inventor coined the coined term to describe the organizational structure of the data. There is indeed a big difference between free software a term coined in 1985 and open source software. Xeriscape is a contemporary landscape maintenance term coined from the greek xeros, meaning dry, and scape, from the anglosaxon term schap, meaning view. Today, in 2020, open source is a well understood, widely used concept. Software engineers created programs to monitor inventory, reconcile balances, and report on status. That would be an error, as the term firmware is already ambiguous, as publicly documented by the ieee. Who coined the phrase geographic information system. It seems that it was a great marketing move, because joe and jane public seem to think that apps are better than programs and only available through itunes. Term coined in 1958 by john wilder tukey, statistician, princeton university professor. Aug 17, 2012 it really depends on what you mean by the cloud. From a storage unit, he dug out a paper copy of a 50page internal compaq analysis titled internet solutions division strategy for cloud computing. Jul 29, 2000 john tukey, 85, a retired princeton university statistician who coined the words software and bit.
It does not serve the electrical engineering, software, or assurance communities to aggravate the problem, and add to the ambiguity of the term firmware. In 1995, paul niquette claimed he had originally coined the term in october 1953, although he could not find any documents supporting his claim. As an editor of the wikipedia entry for cloud computing, johnston keeps a close eye on any attempts at misappropriation. Bettmanngetty images thomas edison and his insomnia squad would often stay up all. A mathematician and computer science pioneer, she worked on the apollo team for many years. What is the origin of the expression bug when used to refer to software. Edison was also using the term to describe technical problems to associates outside of the. As explained on the nasa website, it was margaret hamilton, pictured above. Software, instructions that tell a computer what to do. The reports distribution list at the end of the pdf includes roger tomlinson. One of her favorite tasks has been contacting the winners of the institutes annual feynman prize in nanotechnology, but she also coined the term open source software for that fam. The author also argues that a new term need be coined. Apr 04, 20 all textbooks on software engineering that i know, and many articles in the field, claim that is to say, repeat someone elses claim that the term software engineering itself was coined on the occasion of the fall 1968 garmischpartenkirchen conference on s. Software is a generic term used to describe computer programs that run on pcs, mobile phones, tablets, or other smart devices.
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